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R Bar or average range – with regards to subgroup ranges the average of all ranges in the study.
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X Bar defined as the average of X’s in a sample, also known as a sample mean
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X Double Bar defined as the average of the averages.
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See Sigma
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Summation – A capitol letter of the Greek symbol sigma.
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Level
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Sigma Level – A measure of the potential defects of a process. Used to measure improvement for a defect perspective.
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2
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See Variance
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3P
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Production Preparation Process. Rapidly designing production processes and equipment to ensure capability, built-in quality, productivity, and Takt-Flow-Pull. The Production Preparation Process minimizes resources needed such as capital, tooling, space, inventory, and time.
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5 Principals of Lean
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- Value
- Value Stream
- Flow
- Pull
- Perfection
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5 Whys
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A Root Cause Analysis technique used whenever a problem is encountered to identify the true root cause.
The question “why” is asked a sufficient number of times to get to the true root cause. A simple problem solving method of analyzing a problem or issue by asking "Why" five times. The root cause should become evident by continuing to ask why a situation exists
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5S
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A system for creating and maintaining an organized work place (sort, store, shine, standardize and sustain). Refers to the five words seiri, seiton, seison, seiketsu, shitsuke. These words are shorthand expressions for principles of maintaining an effective, efficient workplace
- Sort - seiri - eliminating everything not required for the work being performed
- Store - seiton - efficient placement and arrangement of equipment and material
- Shine - seison - tidiness and cleanliness
- Standardize - seiketsu - continually improving seiri, seiton, seison
- Sustain - shitsuke - discipline with leadership
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6M’s
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Man, Machine, Method, Measurement, Material, Mother Nature. Helps us identify inputs to processes.
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7 TOOLS OF QC
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Data gathering and analysis tools used for kaizen activities originally by QC Circles. They are 1) check sheets, 2) cause and effect diagrams, 3) Pareto diagrams, 4) histograms, 5) graphs, 6) scatter diagrams, and 7) broken line graphs.
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8 Wastes
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Defects
Overproduction
Transportation
Waiting
Inventory
Motion (excessive)
Processing (excessive)
Underutilization of People (originally started as 7 wastes. This last one was added over the more recent years)
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