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n
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Sample Size
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NEM
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Numerical Evaluation of Metrics – another name for control charting focusing on the idea rational subgrouping, that is using changing subgroups to evaluate a process.
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Nested
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In a multi-factor experiment the levels of one factor (factor B) are similar but not identical for different levels of another factor (factor A). This hierarchical design is said to have factor B nested under the levels of factor A.
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NIST
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National Institute of Standards
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Noise
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Variables, or factors which are difficult, or not feasible to control, but can be monitored or measured.
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Normal Distribution
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A bell shaped curve with a single peak, symmetrical about the center (mean), defined by a data set or a population
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Null Hypothesis
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A statement of no difference between before and after states. Contrast to Alternate Hypothesis
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NVA
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Non-Value Added - Activities or actions taken that add no real value to the product or service. See 8 Wastes.
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